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| The Language Evolution |
From the start of civilization,the most basic thing human needed was to communicate. For that human usd lot of tools, such as drawing symbols on rocks or in soil. The most revolutionary medium which people of that time developed is language. Over the centuries, humans have developed different languages. From Sanskrit to Hindi, Parsi to Urdu and western languages like English,French,German and many language took
birth. Language is the medium of conveying thoughts from one person to other. Language is a primary source of information transfer. Today, there are estimated 5000 to 7000 languages in the whole world.
Indian Perspective
India is a country of diversity. India is the home of different cultures. India has most number of languages in the world. Every state of India has their particular language. Rajasthani people speaks Rajasthani, Gujarati people speaks the Gujarati language, Bengal people speaks Bangla language, Marathi people speaks the Marathi language. This diversity makes India a country of different languages and diverse culture.
According to the census held in the year 2001, India has 122 major languages and 1599 other languages. However, this figure varies in some sources due to differences in the definition of the terms "language" and "dialect." There are 30 languages which are spoken by more than million native speakers. In India English, and the Persian languages are the foreign languages which impacted India. Persian was the official language of "the Mughal era." English is still widely used in India as a second language. Most of the Indian people are multilingual. So, the importance of native languages is no less than the major languages.
Indian languages are divided into families according to their history and geography or their region. In India, followings are the prominent families of Indian languages.
• Indo-Aryan language family
• Dravidian language family
Indo-Aryan Language Family
This family is the largest family of Indian languages. More than 70% of Indians speak this family’s languages. Hindi is the primary language of this family. Other languages are in this family are Rajasthani, Bangla, Gujarati, Punjabi, etc.Dravidian Language Family This family is the 2nd largest family of Indian language family. This family consists of southern Indian Languages like Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada, etc.
Role of English Language
The role of English language cannot be denied in India. India is a sub-continent inhabited by diverse people. The English language acts as the ‘lingua franca’ (contact language). English helped India to achieve unity in diversity. In India, mostly higher education is available in English. English has helped India to make progress in the field of Science and Technology. English has played an important role but it has some cons also. Some people in India are giving more importance to English than their native language which is an alarming situation.
The role of English language cannot be denied in India. India is a sub-continent inhabited by diverse people. The English language acts as the ‘lingua franca’ (contact language). English helped India to achieve unity in diversity. In India, mostly higher education is available in English. English has helped India to make progress in the field of Science and Technology. English has played an important role but it has some cons also. Some people in India are giving more importance to English than their native language which is an alarming situation.
Native languages of India create diversity in India. This diversity is the power of India. Indian people needs to protect their mother tongue. In states like Rajasthan, People prefer English or Hindi instead of Rajasthani language. They feel ashamed in speaking Rajasthani language. People are teaching their children to speak Hindi or English even at their home. If we compare this with other states people like Punjab, Gujarat in these states they proudly use their own native language to communicate. People needs to understand they survive because of their culture and native language is the base of culture. Such states like Rajasthan needs to protect their Rajasthani language literature, music, dramas. The youth of Rajasthan should come forward to protect its mother tongue.
Read This Artical In Hindi Here - भाषा और मानव सभ्यता
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